Abstract
Purpose :
To quantitatively evaluate fractal dimension (FD), vascular density (VD) and skeletal density (SD) on optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in eyes presenting with idiopathic foveal hypoplasia (IFH), using a fully automated method. images.
Methods :
Retrospective consecutive observational case series.
Patients presenting with IFH to Creteil University Eye Clinic between January 2015 and October 2018 and age-matched healthy controls were retrospectively evaluated. Group 1 consisted of IFH eyes while group 2 consisted of healthy age-matched control eyes. All IFH eyes had undergone a comprehensive ophthalmic examination and multimodal imaging at baseline. OCTA (AngioVue RTVue XR Avanti, Optovue, Inc., Freemont, CA) was performed at baseline. VD, SD and FD (box-counting method) analysis were computed on OCTA superficial and deep capillary plexa (SCP, DCP) images at baseline using a custom automated algorithm developed in Matlab (MATLAB and Statistics Toolbox Release 2017b, The MathWorks, Inc., Natick, Massachusetts, United Stat.)
Results :
35 consecutive eyes of 21 patients (18 eyes with IFH, n= 9 patients (Group 1) and 17 healthy control eyes, n= 12 patients (Group 2)) were included. Mean age was 62.8 in Group 1 and 68.6 in Group 2. A statistically significant decrease of VD at the level of the SCP and DCP was found in eyes with IFH compared to healthy control eyes (p=0.003 for VD at the level of the SCP and p=0.005 for VD at the level of the DCP, respectively). SD was also significantly decreased in IFH eyes at the level of both SCP and DCP (p=<0.001). FD was significantly lower in IFH eyes compared to healthy control eyes at the level of both SCP and DCP (p<0.001)
Conclusions :
FD, VD and SD are reduced at the level of the SCP and DCP in patients with IFH compared to normal controls, reflecting thereby a particular anatomical and vascular organization in these patients who usually present with a reduced or absent foveal avascular zone on OCTA. Quantitative analysis using OCTA using a custom algorithm could help to evaluate severity and better understand the mechanism of disease.
This abstract was presented at the 2019 ARVO Annual Meeting, held in Vancouver, Canada, April 28 - May 2, 2019.