Abstract
Purpose :
Controversy exists between potential benefits and disadvantages of intraocular lenses (IOL) with ultraviolet (UV) or UV/yellow filters. We analyzed the spectral transmission and the potential protective effect of diverse IOL in an in vitro experimental model of photodamage in retinal epithelial cells.
Methods :
Alcon (TFNT00®, SV25T0®, SN60WF®, SN6AD1®), PhysIOL (POD F®), Abbott (PCB00®, ZXR00®) and Zeiss (AT LISA 809®, AT LISA 839®, CT LUCIA®) IOL were included. Transmittance spectra were recorded from 300nm to 888nm, in steps of 1nm. The IOL were measured by two different light sources: a Xe one for a wavelength up to 450nm, and a white one from that range. To study the effect of different spectral IOL transmission, ARPE-19 cells were seeded at 1x104 cells/mL and maintained in culture until optimal conditions. White and blue LED devices were used in the experimental model. ARPE-19 cells were exposed to light insult with or without IOL for 24, 36 and 48 hours, and then viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and cell death analysis by expression of HO-1 and NFkB were studied.
Results :
Three different patterns to transmit short wavelengths (SW) in the range of 400-500nm were observed: the UV filter IOL permitted >85% of light transmission; the UV/yellow filter IOL reduced the transmittance about 35% in 400-450nm, to increase it gradually (>90%) until 500nm; and the third group gradually increased the transmittance between 400-500nm (50% at 450nm). At 460nm (peak emission of white light LED), UV filter IOL presented a transmittance >90%, while UV/yellow filter IOL decreased to 60-75%. An increase of ROS production and a reduction of ARPE-19 viability after the light insult were found. Immuno-detection of HO-1 and NFkB showed an increase in the amount of both proteins after the damage. Different ranges of viability were found but only ZXR00® showed a coherence of ROS staining reduction and viability of ARPE-19 cells increase respect to light insult. Slight changes in the HO-1 expression were detected in that IOL. The results in the other IOL were heterogeneous and not significant.
Conclusions :
LED illumination is widely used due to its efficiency but the peak emission in the SW spectrum may have implications to the retina. IOL with UV/yellow filters could be a strategy to reduce that harmful influence, but the obtained results suggest the importance of analyzing other parameters of IOL manufacture and optical design.
This abstract was presented at the 2019 ARVO Annual Meeting, held in Vancouver, Canada, April 28 - May 2, 2019.