July 2019
Volume 60, Issue 9
Open Access
ARVO Annual Meeting Abstract  |   July 2019
Reduced retinal glial cell proliferation on nanowire arrays
Author Affiliations & Notes
  • Vijayalakshmi Rajendran
    Dept. of Clin. Sciences, Div. of Ophthalmology, BMC, B11, SE-221 85, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
    Nanolund Box 118, SE-221 00, Lund, Sweden
  • Mercy Lard
    Dept. of Physics, Div. of Solid State Physics, Box 118, SE-221 00, Lund University,, Lund, Sweden
    Nanolund Box 118, SE-221 00, Lund, Sweden
  • Beatriz Custódio
    Dept. of Clin. Sciences, Div. of Ophthalmology, BMC, B11, SE-221 85, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
    Dept. of Physics, Div. of Solid State Physics, Box 118, SE-221 00, Lund University,, Lund, Sweden
  • Therese Olsson
    Dept. of Clin. Sciences, Div. of Ophthalmology, BMC, B11, SE-221 85, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
    Dept. of Physics, Div. of Solid State Physics, Box 118, SE-221 00, Lund University,, Lund, Sweden
  • Christelle Prinz
    Dept. of Physics, Div. of Solid State Physics, Box 118, SE-221 00, Lund University,, Lund, Sweden
    Nanolund Box 118, SE-221 00, Lund, Sweden
  • M Thereza Perez
    Dept. of Clin. Sciences, Div. of Ophthalmology, BMC, B11, SE-221 85, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
    Nanolund Box 118, SE-221 00, Lund, Sweden
  • Footnotes
    Commercial Relationships   Vijayalakshmi Rajendran, None; Mercy Lard, None; Beatriz Custódio, None; Therese Olsson, None; Christelle Prinz, None; M Thereza Perez, None
  • Footnotes
    Support  None
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science July 2019, Vol.60, 6000. doi:
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      Vijayalakshmi Rajendran, Mercy Lard, Beatriz Custódio, Therese Olsson, Christelle Prinz, M Thereza Perez; Reduced retinal glial cell proliferation on nanowire arrays. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 2019;60(9):6000.

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      © ARVO (1962-2015); The Authors (2016-present)

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Abstract

Purpose : Retinal implants are being developed to restore sight in patients with photoreceptor cell loss. The overall purpose is to explore the properties of nanoelectrodes as these might improve the performance and long-term functionality of the implants. We have shown that vertical gallium phosphide nanowire (GaP NW) arrays support long-term survival of retinal neurons and neurite outgrowth in vitro. Here, we analysed the fate of retinal glial cells on NW and used calcium imaging to assess the functionality of retinal neurons

Methods : Glial cells derived from 6-day-old mouse retinas were cultured on NW (3-5 μm long, 80 nm diameter, 1 NW/µm2) and control flat GaP (no NW). Qualitative and quantitative assessments were performed following labelling of cells at 2-12 days in vitro (DIV) to investigate cell morphology (phalloidin), proliferation (Ki-67), viability (TUNEL), and expression of glial-specific proteins. Live-cell calcium imaging was performed on retinal neurons from 4-day-old mice

Results : The total number of glial cells was overall lower on NW at later DIV. The number of Ki-67 positive nuclei was also lower, while the number of TUNEL positive nuclei tended to be higher on NW. The number of macroglial cells diminished whereas that of microglial cells remained unchanged over time. Consistent differences were observed in cell morphology between flat and NW substrates, with macroglial cells exhibiting on the latter, a stellate shape and microglial cells a more rounded morphology. Multinucleated cells were often seen on flat substrates at later DIV. However, macroglial cells on NW exhibited deformed nuclear borders already at 2 DIV whereas this was seen less often among microglial cells. Calcium imaging showed that retinal neurons cultured on the NW substrates responded to various types of stimuli

Conclusions : Calcium imaging analysis indicated that the NW support not only neuronal survival but also function. On the other hand, Yet, although macroglial cells exhibited a more in vivo-like morphology on NW, their proliferation was reduced. Notably, NW seemed to have a smaller effect on microglial cells. Activation of glial cells occurs naturally following neuronal damage and the insertion of a retinal implant, limiting the functionality of the implant. The topography of the array tested in this study was capable of reducing macroglial cell proliferation. However, the array design may need to be modified to control also microglial cells

This abstract was presented at the 2019 ARVO Annual Meeting, held in Vancouver, Canada, April 28 - May 2, 2019.

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