July 2019
Volume 60, Issue 9
Open Access
ARVO Annual Meeting Abstract  |   July 2019
Evaluation of Socket Complications after Enucleation
Author Affiliations & Notes
  • Lucy A Bailey
    Ophthalmology and Visual Science, McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, United States
    Robert Cizik Eye Clinic, Houston, Texas, United States
  • John C Hunt
    Ophthalmology and Visual Science, McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, United States
  • Karina Richani-Reverol
    Ophthalmology and Visual Science, McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, United States
    Robert Cizik Eye Clinic, Houston, Texas, United States
  • Footnotes
    Commercial Relationships   Lucy Bailey, None; John Hunt, None; Karina Richani-Reverol, None
  • Footnotes
    Support  NEI Vision Core Grant P30EY028102 and the Hermann Eye Fund
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science July 2019, Vol.60, 6220. doi:
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      Lucy A Bailey, John C Hunt, Karina Richani-Reverol; Evaluation of Socket Complications after Enucleation. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 2019;60(9):6220.

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      © ARVO (1962-2015); The Authors (2016-present)

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Abstract

Purpose : To compare incidence of socket health outcomes between patients who underwent enucleation after eye trauma with patients who underwent enucleation due to non-traumatic indications. To identify risk factors associated with socket health complications after enucleation.

Methods : A retrospective chart review was performed on patients who underwent enucleation by the oculoplastics service from January 2008-August 2017. Exclusion criteria were less than 18 years of age at time of enucleation, incomplete chart documentation, or less than 3 months of follow-up. Socket health complications were defined as enophthalmos, ptosis, implant exposure, deep eyelid sulcus, eyelid laxity granuloma, or inclusion cysts.

Data were summarized by mean (±standard deviation) or frequency (%) and compared between trauma and non-trauma using a two sample t-test or Fisher exact test. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to estimate the elapsed time from enucleation to the first socket complication and compared between trauma and non-trauma groups using a log-rank test. Risk factors including age, sex, race, trauma, retrobulbar injections for pain, orbital fractures, number of pre-enucleation intraocular surgeries, size of orbital implant, and postoperative intraorbital hemorrhage were examined using stepwise Cox regression analysis.

Results : 62 patients were included. Average age was 42.5 (±16.0) years and 40 (65%) were male. Indications for enucleation included: 43 trauma (70%), 12 blind painful eye due to ocular diagnosis (19%), 5 perforation of eye (8%), and 2 burns (3%). No patients underwent enucleation for malignancy. 42 (67%) patients (32 [74%] trauma patients and 10 [53%] non-trauma patients [P=0.09]) experienced at least one socket complication. Of 42 socket complication patients, 22 (52%) were managed conservatively. The median survival time to a socket complication was found to be 6.3 months after enucleation for all patients, 5.9 months for trauma patients, and 13.2 months for non-trauma patients (P=0.26). Trauma patients were more likely than non-trauma patients to have socket contraction (P=0.05). However, incidence of socket complications was not associated with any risk factors studied.

Conclusions : Although the incidence of socket complications in the trauma group was higher than the non-trauma group, the difference did not reach significance, which may due to the small sample size in the non-trauma group.

This abstract was presented at the 2019 ARVO Annual Meeting, held in Vancouver, Canada, April 28 - May 2, 2019.

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