July 2019
Volume 60, Issue 9
Open Access
ARVO Annual Meeting Abstract  |   July 2019
More than just a reactive oxygen species scavenger: grapes prevent UV-B radiation-induced cataract by upregulating anti-apoptotic protein XIAP
Author Affiliations & Notes
  • Hongli Wu
    North Texas Eye Research Institute, University of North Texas Health & Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, United States
    Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, United States
  • Xiaobin Liu
    Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, United States
  • Duenshian Wang
    Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, United States
  • Luis Aguilera Garcia
    College of Pharmacy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Texas, United States
  • Yousong Li
    Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, United States
    Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi Dayi Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
  • Yu Yu
    Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, United States
    Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The 2nd Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
  • Frank Ssentamu
    College of Pharmacy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Texas, United States
  • Footnotes
    Commercial Relationships   Hongli Wu, None; Xiaobin Liu, None; Duenshian Wang, None; Luis Aguilera Garcia, None; Yousong Li, None; Yu Yu, None; Frank Ssentamu, None
  • Footnotes
    Support  Research reported in this publication was supported by the California Table Grape Commission Grant RP20011 (to Hongli Wu) and the National Heart, Lung, And Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number R25HL125447 (to J.K.Vishwanatha). IRB/IACUC#: 2016-0010
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science July 2019, Vol.60, 1115. doi:
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    • Get Citation

      Hongli Wu, Xiaobin Liu, Duenshian Wang, Luis Aguilera Garcia, Yousong Li, Yu Yu, Frank Ssentamu; More than just a reactive oxygen species scavenger: grapes prevent UV-B radiation-induced cataract by upregulating anti-apoptotic protein XIAP. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 2019;60(9):1115.

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      © ARVO (1962-2015); The Authors (2016-present)

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Abstract

Purpose : To investigate if grapes could protect against in vivo ultraviolet B (UV-B) radiation-induced cataract and to study its mechanism of action by identifying its molecular targets in the lens.

Methods : The grape powder was provided by the California Table Grape Commission (CTGC). C57BL/6J mice were fed with the regular diet, regular diet supplemented with glucose and fructose, or the grape diet (regular diet supplemented with 5%, 10%, and 15% grape powder) for 3 months. The animals were then exposed to 20.6 kJ/m2 UV radiation for 15 min to induce cataracts. Two days later, the degree of the cataract and lens morphology was evaluated under the dissecting microscope. Glutathione (GSH), free protein thiol (PSH), protein glutathionylation (PSSG), and redox potential levels were measured to reflect the oxidative markers. To explore its anti-cataractogenic mechanism, agilent literature search (ALS), a data-mining tool, was used to pull the protein targets of grape powder.

Results : We found that 10% and 15% grape powder diet could significantly inhibit the onset as well as the severity of UV-B-induced cataracts. In the 15% grape powder diet group, the majority of lenses remained largely transparent. The GSH and PSH levels were much higher in the 15% grape powder diet group compared with that of the regular diet control group. The accumulation of PSSG, a marker for protein thiol oxidation, was largely inhibited in the grape powder diet groups. The redox potential in grape powder diet groups was much lower as compared with that of regular diet mice. For target prediction, a total of 145 proteins regulated by grapes were identified through ALS and were visualized by protein network. Among these protein targets, X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP) was correlated with all of the active ingredients of grapes, indicating anti-apoptotic protein XIAP might be one of the most critical molecular targets of grapes. Our in vivo data confirmed that anti-apoptotic proteins XIAP and Bcl2 were upregulated whereas levels of pro-apoptotic proteins Bax and caspase 3 were significantly less in grape powder diet groups.

Conclusions : Grape powder dose-dependently protected the lens from UV radiation-induced cataract development in mice. Its protective effects may involve not only directly scavenging free radicals but also activating the XIAP-mediated antiapoptotic pathway.

This abstract was presented at the 2019 ARVO Annual Meeting, held in Vancouver, Canada, April 28 - May 2, 2019.

 

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