CTGF, TGF-β1/β2, ELN, SPARC, LOXL2, and DCN were quantified in AH samples, according to the manufacturer's instructions, using specific ELISA kits (Quantikine Human TGF-β1/β2, SPARC, LOXL2, and DCN immunoassay) purchased from R&D Systems (Minneapolis, MN, USA). Levels of CTGF (SEA010H) and ELN (SEB337Hu) in AH were determined by sandwich ELISA developed by USCN (Cloud-Clone Corp., Katy, TX, USA). The readings were taken at 450 nm in Spectramax plate reader (Molecular Devices, San Jose, CA, USA). Due to the lowered AH volume, CTGF, TGF-β1/β2, ELN, and SPARC were measured in one set of samples, and LOXL2 and DCN were analyzed in another set of samples.