Abstract
Purpose :
Myopia is a condition that is affected by both environmental and genetic factors. The onset mechanism of myopia is not clear. Various studies have investigated the relationship between the onset or progression of myopia and intraocular pressure (IOP), but no consensus has yet been reached. The purpose of this systematic review was to summarize and investigate the relationship between myopia and IOP.
Methods :
We systematically searched for papers that examined the relationship between myopia and IOP in Pubmed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library. Two authors independently evaluated the search results according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Two authors extracted and assessed the data independently. We included articles that mentioned a direct relationship between myopia and IOP. Articles that did not conduct a statistical analysis, were written in a language other than English, or were a review, or case report were excluded. The conclusions, target patients, analysis methods used, and adjustment factors were summarized.
Results :
A keyword search identified 565 articles. Abstract screening and full-text screening identified 19 articles for review. Fourteen articles reported a statistical relationship or correlation between the degree of myopia, the spherical equivalence or axial length, and IOP. Five articles reported no relationships between them. The proportion of articles that adjusted for confounding factors or limited specific populations in their analysis was higher in the 14 articles that reported a statistical relationship as opposed to those that did not (79% and 40%, respectively). The main factors considered were the degree of myopia, gender, and age. In articles that investigated high-myopia patients, 83% (5/6) reported that myopia and IOP were statistically related.
Conclusions :
Various factors seem to be related to the onset and progression of myopia. Therefore, to analyze the relationship between myopia and IOP, adjusting for confounding factors is needed in the analysis. In this review, many positive associations between myopia and IOP were observed in articles that considered the confounding factors. This suggests that IOP may be related to the onset or progression of myopia.
This is a 2020 ARVO Annual Meeting abstract.