Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science Cover Image for Volume 61, Issue 7
June 2020
Volume 61, Issue 7
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ARVO Annual Meeting Abstract  |   June 2020
Cystoid macular edema on optical coherence tomography correlated with worse intraventricular hemorrhage in preterm neonates
Brittany M. Wong; Alison Chu; Nicholas N Zoppi; Niranjan Manoharan; Artemiy Kokhanov; Alex S. Huang; Irena Tsui
Author Affiliations & Notes
  • Brittany M. Wong
    Department of Ophthalmology, Stein Eye Institute, Doheny Eye Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States
  • Alison Chu
    Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology and Developmental Biology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States
  • Nicholas N Zoppi
    Department of Ophthalmology, Stein Eye Institute, Doheny Eye Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States
  • Niranjan Manoharan
    Department of Ophthalmology, Stein Eye Institute, Doheny Eye Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States
  • Artemiy Kokhanov
    Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology and Developmental Biology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States
  • Alex S. Huang
    Department of Ophthalmology, Stein Eye Institute, Doheny Eye Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States
  • Irena Tsui
    Department of Ophthalmology, Stein Eye Institute, Doheny Eye Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States
  • Footnotes
    Commercial Relationships   Brittany Wong, None; Alison Chu, None; Nicholas Zoppi, None; Niranjan Manoharan, None; Artemiy Kokhanov, None; Alex Huang, Aerie (C), Allergan (C), Glaukos Corporation (F), Heidelberg Engineering (F), Santen (C); Irena Tsui, None
  • Footnotes
    Support  Research to Prevent Blindness; The Norton Foundation
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science June 2020, Vol.61, 2170. doi:
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      Brittany M. Wong, Alison Chu, Nicholas N Zoppi, Niranjan Manoharan, Artemiy Kokhanov, Alex S. Huang, Irena Tsui; Cystoid macular edema on optical coherence tomography correlated with worse intraventricular hemorrhage in preterm neonates. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 2020;61(7):2170.

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Abstract

Purpose : Cystoid macular edema (CME) has been reported in approximately 50% of preterm infants on optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging, but remains poorly understood. History of CME has been associated with poorer neurodevelopmental outcomes. We hypothesized that CME presence correlates to neurological co-morbidities of prematurity.

Methods : We imaged preterm infants undergoing ROP screening (<30 weeks gestational age (GA), or <1500 g birthweight (BW), or at the request of neonatology for other clinical indications) at the University of California Los Angeles using a portable Spectralis Flex OCT Module (Heidelberg Engineering GmbH, Heidelberg, Germany) under an Institutional Review Board protocol. OCT images of one eye per infant were analyzed for CME presence. We collected other demographic and clinical information including ROP stage and treatment, intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) presence and severity, post-hemorrhagic hydrocephalus and/or need for surgical intervention, patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), infections, and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR).

Results : 17 infants were imaged (GA: range 22.1-34.0, mean 27.5 ± 3.5 weeks; BW: 360-2400, mean 1015.3 ± 506.4 g; post-menstrual age (PMA) at imaging: 32.4-47.4, mean 37.0 ± 4.3 weeks). CME was observed bilaterally in 7 infants. There was a significant correlation between CME presence and IVH grade (p = 0.04, Chi-square test). Two infants had hydrocephalus requiring ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt placement; both had CME, one parafoveal and one severe foveal. Between infants with and without CME, there was no significant difference in gender, GA, BW, PMA at imaging, PDA presence or treatment, BPD, infection, or IUGR. CME presence was not associated with maximum ROP stage, zone, plus disease, or treatment. Interestingly, CME regressed in one infant after laser treatment and one after VP shunt placement.

Conclusions : CME presence was not associated with ROP stage, but did correlate with IVH. As central nervous tissue, the preterm retina and brain may reflect similar disease processes. These findings support increased vascular and blood-retinal-barrier permeability models of CME, and demonstrate potential utility of OCT imaging for monitoring and predicting neurological disease and neurodevelopmental outcomes.

This is a 2020 ARVO Annual Meeting abstract.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
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Copyright © 2025 Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology.
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