Abstract
Purpose :
To assess the prevalence and associated factors of cataract and pseudophakia/aphakia in a Russian population.
Methods :
The population-based Ural Eye and Medical Study (UEMS) was performed in the city of Ufa/Russia and in villages in a distance of 65 km from Ufa and had an inclusion criterion an age of 40+ years. We diagnosed cataract using lens photographs and applying the classifying scheme of the Age-Related Eye Disease Study.
Results :
Out of a population of 7328 eligible individuals, 5899 individuals (2580 (43.7%) men) (participation rate:80.5%) participated (mean age:59.0±10.7 years (range:40-94 years)). Information about the lens status (phakia/pseudophakia/aphakia) was available for 5885 (99.8%) individuals mean age of 59.0±10.7 years (range:40-94 years) and mean axial length of 23.3±1.1mm (range:19.78-32.87mm). The lens assessment was performed for 5217 (88.4%) phakic individuals. Cataract surgery in any eye had been performed in 354/5885 individuals (6.0%;95%CI:5.4,6.0). It increased from 3/1237 (0.2%) in the age group of 40-49 years to 156/770 (20.3%) in the age group of 70-79 years and to 76/202 (37.6%) in the age group of 80+ years. In the participants who were examined and who had not undergone cataract surgery, the prevalence of nuclear, cortical and subcapsular cataract was 39.0% (95%CI: 37.6, 40.3), 15.8% (95%CI:14.8,16.8) and 0.7% (95%CI:0.5,0.9), respectively. The prevalence of any cataract (mean:41.7%) increased from 16.7% (95%CI:14.6,18.9) in the age group of 40-49 years to 56.7% (95%CI:54.2,59.2) in the age group of 60-69 years, to 83.2% (95%CI:76.7,89.7) in the age group of 80+ years. Higher cataract prevalence was associated with older age (odds ratio(OR):1.10;95%CI:1.10,1.11;P<0.001), female sex (OR:1.45;95%CI:1.28,1.65;P<0.001), urban region of habitation (OR:1.32;95%CI:1.16,1.50;P<0.001), and stage of chronic kidney disease (OR:1.01;95%CI:1.002,1.02;P=0.01). It was not significantly associated with the prevalence of diabetes (P=0.34) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (P=0.39).
Conclusions :
In this typically ethnically mixed population from Russia, the prevalence of cataract was relatively high and, subsequently, the prevalence of cataract surgery performed relatively low. In multivariable analysis, chronic kidney disease was associated with cataract.
This is a 2020 ARVO Annual Meeting abstract.