Abstract
Purpose :
To report changing trends in the epidemiology, risk factors, hospital course and charges associated with inpatient admissions for endogenous endophthalmitis in the United States. Understanding the burden and risk factor profile of these patients can serve as a valuable guide for physicians in the management of these patients.
Methods :
The nationwide inpatient sample (NIS) was queried to identify all inpatient admissions with a diagnosis of endogenous endophthalmitis in the United States between the years 2003 and 2014. Analyses were performed to identify national and regional trends in incidence and prevalence of risk factors for development of endogenous endophthalmitis. Median and cumulative inflation-adjusted charges were calculated, and the most common ocular procedures were reported.
Results :
There were an estimated 48,445 endogenous endophthalmitis inpatient admissions; 12.3% (n=5963) of these patients had a history of drug dependence or abuse. The mean age was 56.3 ± 0.3 years and 50.2% of patients were male. Males accounted for 61.4% of cases in the setting of drug dependence or abuse. Incidence of endogenous endophthalmitis related hospitalizations in the United States was 1.3 per 100,000 population. Incidence in patients with a history of drug dependence or abuse was 0.16 per 100,000, showing an increasing trend from 2003-2014 in all 4 geographic regions, with the highest cumulative incidence in 2010 (0.22 per 100,000 population). The incidence of in-hospital mortality was 3.6% in the general population and 2.0% in the drug dependence or abuse population.
Conclusions :
Although the overall annual incidence of endogenous endophthalmitis remained stable during the study period, a greater than 2 fold increase in cases in patients with a history of drug dependence or abuse was observed from 2003-2014. Inpatient management of endogenous endophthalmitis represents a significant financial burden to the healthcare system. Clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion for endophthlalmitis when evaluating patients with intraocular inflammation, particularly in the setting of drug dependence or abuse.
This is a 2020 ARVO Annual Meeting abstract.