AMD Drusenoid deposits “L”, Lipid type, “P”, Protein-cellular type, and Cognitive Exam: interest of their concomitant assessment in screening, follow-up, prognosis of Age Macular Degeneration and Alzheimer Disease

Abstract

Purpose : To evaluate and study the importance of concurrently AMD drusenoid deposits “L” and “P” and cognitive exam assessment, in screening, follow-up, prognosis of AMD and AD disease

Methods : 324 AMD patients with AMD drusenoid deposits “L”, Lipid Type (soft Drusen,Drusenoid PED “L”) (“L” group) and “P”, Protein-cellular type (Pseudovitellifom AMD,Cuticular drusen,Subretinal drusenoid deposits(SDD),Drusenoid PED ”P”) (“P” group). Deposits were evaluated by Multimodal imaging (Autofluorescence,IR imaging,OCT,notably OCT en Face (Spectralis HRA-OCT,spectral domain OCT) and Morphology-Structural software (M-S software) (grading: volume and contours analyze,3D deposit reconstruction; measurements: volume(in µm³), density (grey levels of deposits: mean,median,minimum,maximum,average), structure (structural measures,texture parameters). Cognitive exam is done, for each AMD patient, with Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE)(Folstein, GRECO); score allows to determine various groups (normal,MCI,Early stage AD,AD) and subgroups

Results : 36% AMD patients have Normal MMSE score, 74% mild cognitive impairment (MCI), no early stage AD, no AD. MCI score was higher in AMD drusenoid deposits “L” group (78%) than in “P” group (66%). In MCI subgroups, results are quite equal, slightly reduced, in “L” group; progressively decreasing, moderate slope, in “P” group. Stacking results with previous study: cognitive impairment similarity between “L” group and AMD with predominant atrophic areas patients group, between “P” group and Neovascular AMD patients group, even if anyway less MCI, better score with “L” group and “P” group. AMD drusenoid deposits “L” and “P” and cognitive exam correlation enhance interest of their concomitant assessment in screening, follow-up of Age Macular Degeneration and Alzheimer Disease, let them Biomarkers feature, prognosis parameters. Moreover, reciprocity with previous results confirm relationship with AMD drusenoid deposits “L”, “P”, first with AMD Atrophy, Neovascular complications, then with Cognitive impairment and AD, finally with AMD and AD

Conclusions : Concomitant assessment interest of AMD Drusenoid deposits “L”, “P” and Cognitive Exam in screening, follow-up, prognosis of Age Macular Degeneration and Alzheimer Disease let them Biomarkers feature standard and usual

This is a 2020 ARVO Annual Meeting abstract.