Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science Cover Image for Volume 61, Issue 9
July 2020
Volume 61, Issue 9
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ARVO Imaging in the Eye Conference Abstract  |   July 2020
Enhancement of retinal topography using a fundus imager and digital structured illumination
Author Affiliations & Notes
  • Amanda Carpenter
    Carl Zeiss Meditec, Inc., Dublin, California, United States
  • Lars Omlor
    Corporate Research and Technology, Carl Zeiss Inc., Pleasanton, California, United States
  • Conor Leahy
    Carl Zeiss Meditec, Inc., Dublin, California, United States
  • Katharina G. Foote
    Carl Zeiss Meditec, Inc., Dublin, California, United States
  • Jochen Straub
    Carl Zeiss Meditec, Inc., Dublin, California, United States
  • Footnotes
    Commercial Relationships   Amanda Carpenter, Carl Zeiss Meditec, Inc. (E); Lars Omlor, Carl Zeiss Inc. (E); Conor Leahy, Carl Zeiss Meditec, Inc. (E); Katharina Foote, Carl Zeiss Meditec, Inc. (E); Jochen Straub, Carl Zeiss Meditec, Inc. (E)
  • Footnotes
    Support  None
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science July 2020, Vol.61, PB00118. doi:
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      Amanda Carpenter, Lars Omlor, Conor Leahy, Katharina G. Foote, Jochen Straub; Enhancement of retinal topography using a fundus imager and digital structured illumination. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 2020;61(9):PB00118.

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      © ARVO (1962-2015); The Authors (2016-present)

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Abstract

Purpose : Enhancing topographical features of the retina can emphasize clinically relevant features such as vessels and the optic nerve head. Using a fundus imager, we investigated the impact of a digital structured illumination analysis on visualization of topographical features in test targets and human eyes.

Methods : We constructed reflectance and topographical maps from images obtained using prototype software on a CLARUSTM 700 (ZEISS, Dublin, CA). On this slit-scanning fundus imager, the stripe illumination of the retina is offset from the detection path in the pupil plane, resulting in a deflection of the observed stripe that can be converted to height of the retina. We enhanced the resolution with a structured illumination analysis, where we digitally converted the illumination to a sinusoidally weighted pattern and analyzed for phase shifts that characterize the deflection of the stripes. We analyzed images of a modified USAF test target with printed regions of varying reflectivity and paper folds to create topographical features. We also imaged human eyes and compared the enhanced topography map to the reflectance map.

Results : In Fig. 1, the profile of the enhanced topography map shows the elevation change of the paper fold. While the fold can be seen in the reflectance map, the elevation change to the right of the fold is not evident by reflectance alone. Fig.1 also shows that feature reflectivity influences apparent depth information, as the printed features can still be visualized in the enhanced topography map. Fig. 2 displays a visual enhancement of vessels in a human eye in the enhanced topography map.

Conclusions : Images with a visual enhancement of topographical features can be generated from a slit-scanning fundus imager. These enhancements could provide clinical utility by emphasizing important features, such as the optic disc and cup, elevations of the retina, vessels and vessel crossings, and tumors. Currently, feature reflectance influences the depth map, and we are exploring calibrations and system nonlinearities to separate the reflectance and topography further.

This is a 2020 Imaging in the Eye Conference abstract.

 

Figure 1. An enhanced topography map and profile of a modified USAF test target showing an elevation change at the paper fold indicated by the arrow. This elevation change is not evident in the reflectance map.

Figure 1. An enhanced topography map and profile of a modified USAF test target showing an elevation change at the paper fold indicated by the arrow. This elevation change is not evident in the reflectance map.

 

Figure 2. The enhanced topography map of a human eye emphasizes the vessels compared to the reflectivity map.

Figure 2. The enhanced topography map of a human eye emphasizes the vessels compared to the reflectivity map.

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