Compared with just 11% (4/35) of controls, 45% (43/96) of amblyopic children and 28% (13/47) of nonamblyopic children were categorized as being at risk for or having a Total Motor impairment (amblyopic, OR = 6.3, 95% CI = 2.1–19.2,
Z = 3.2,
P = 0.001; nonamblyopic, OR = 3.0, 95% CI = 0.9–10.1,
Z = 1.7,
P = 0.08). Compared with the Total Motor standardized scores for controls (9.8 ± 2.3), the scores were lower for amblyopic (7.4 ± 2.7;
t129 = 4.8,
P < 0.001) and nonamblyopic (8.2 ± 2.9;
t80 = 2.7,
P = 0.009) children (
Fig.).
Amblyopic children scored lower than controls on the Manual Dexterity (7.6 ± 2.7 vs. 10.2 ± 3.0;
t129 = 4.7,
P < 0.001), Aiming and Catching (8.8 ± 3.4 vs. 10.3 ± 2.9;
t129 = 2.3,
P = 0.023), and Balance (7.8 ± 3.1 vs. 9.3 ± 2.4;
t129 = 2.6,
P = 0.012) subscales (
Fig.). Within the Manual Dexterity scale, amblyopic children scored lower than controls for unimanual dexterity (8.2 ± 3.2 vs. 9.8 ± 2.7;
t129 = 2.5,
P = 0.012), bimanual dexterity (7.9 ± 3.2 vs. 9.7 ± 3.5;
t129 = 2.7,
P = 0.008), and the drawing trail (7.0 ± 3.9 vs. 9.7 ± 2.9;
t129 = 3.7,
P < 0.001). Within the Aiming and Catching scale, amblyopic children scored lower than controls for catching (8.1 ± 3.2 vs. 10.1 ± 2.6;
t129 = 3.2,
P = 0.002) but not aiming (9.3 ± 3.2 vs. 9.9 ± 2.8;
t129 = 1.1,
P = 0.28). Within the Balance scale, amblyopic children scored lower than controls for static balance (7.9 ± 2.9 vs. 9.2 ± 2.8;
t129 = 2.3,
P = 0.022) and jumping (9.3 ± 3.5 vs. 10.9 ± 2.1;
t129 = 2.6,
P = 0.010) and trended toward scoring lower for walking, but this trend was not significant (7.2 ± 4.0 vs. 8.7 ± 3.8;
t129 = 2.0,
P = 0.05).
Nonamblyopic children scored lower than controls on the Manual Dexterity subscale (8.5 ± 3.0 vs. 10.2 ± 3.0;
t80 = 2.5,
P = 0.014) but not on the Aiming and Catching (9.3 ± 3.2 vs. 10.3 ± 2.9;
t80 = 1.5,
P = 0.14) or Balance (8.3 ± 3.1 vs. 9.3 ± 2.4;
t80 = 1.5,
P = 0.14) subscales (
Fig.). Within the Manual Dexterity scale, nonamblyopic children did not differ from controls for unimanual dexterity (9.2 ± 3.1 vs. 9.8 ± 2.7;
t80 = 0.9,
P = 0.39) or bimanual dexterity (8.8 ± 3.1 vs. 9.7 ± 3.5;
t80 = 1.3,
P = 0.21), but they did score lower than controls for the drawing trail (7.5 ± 3.8 vs. 9.7 ± 2.9;
t80 = 2.8,
P = 0.006).