Abstract
Purpose :
Early nutritional status and nutritional source type has been reported to be associated with the prevention of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in high-income countries. We sought to determine if nutritional source within the first two weeks of life is associated with the development or regression of ROP in a Latin American cohort.
Methods :
Secondary analysis of data from a prospective study of premature infants in La Plata, Argentina, and Guadalajara, Mexico between 2012-2014. Primary outcomes were the associations between the nutritional source in the first 2 weeks of life (predominantly total parental nutrition (TPN) or formula, or exclusive breastmilk) and presence, severity (treatment-requiring), and time to spontaneous regression of ROP or IGF-1 levels (ng/mL), adjusting for gestational age (GA) and birth weight (BW), using multivariable regression and ANOVA.
Results :
One-hundred infants were studied, with mean (±SD) GA 31.3 (±2.7) weeks, median BW was 1395 g (range 620-2250), and 52% female. Most common nutritional source was predominantly TPN in postnatal weeks 1 (74%) and 2 (45%). Forty-three infants developed ROP, 19 were treated, while 21 children had documented full spontaneous regression at time of discharge. Median time to regression was 5 weeks (range 1-9 weeks). No associations were found between the nutritional source in the first 2 weeks of life and presence, severity, or time to spontaneous ROP regression and vascular maturation. No association was found between mean IGF-1 levels and ROP status by nutritional source.
Conclusions :
We did not find an association between sources of nutrition during the 1st two weeks of life and ROP development, severity, or spontaneous ROP regression in this cohort of Latin American infants at risk for ROP.
This is a 2021 ARVO Annual Meeting abstract.