June 2021
Volume 62, Issue 8
Open Access
ARVO Annual Meeting Abstract  |   June 2021
Visualizing Electric Field patterns generated by Temporal Interference Stimulation of Retina: Measurements using a phantom eye
Author Affiliations & Notes
  • Yasuo Terasawa
    Artificial Vision Institute, Kabushiki Kaisha Nidek, Gamagori, Aichi, Japan
    Materials Science, Nara Sentan Kagaku Gijutsu Daigakuin Daigaku, Ikoma, Nara, Japan
  • Hiroyuki Tashiro
    Health Sciences, Kyushu Daigaku Igakubu Daigakuin Igakukei Gakufu Daigakuin Igaku Kenkyuin, Fukuoka, Japan
    Materials Science, Nara Sentan Kagaku Gijutsu Daigakuin Daigaku, Ikoma, Nara, Japan
  • Jun Ohta
    Materials Science, Nara Sentan Kagaku Gijutsu Daigakuin Daigaku, Ikoma, Nara, Japan
  • Footnotes
    Commercial Relationships   Yasuo Terasawa, Nidek Co., Ltd. (E); Hiroyuki Tashiro, Nidek Co., Ltd. (F); Jun Ohta, Nidek Co., Ltd. (F)
  • Footnotes
    Support  None
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science June 2021, Vol.62, 3204. doi:
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    • Get Citation

      Yasuo Terasawa, Hiroyuki Tashiro, Jun Ohta; Visualizing Electric Field patterns generated by Temporal Interference Stimulation of Retina: Measurements using a phantom eye. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 2021;62(8):3204.

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      © ARVO (1962-2015); The Authors (2016-present)

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Abstract

Purpose : Stimulation via temporally interfering (TI) electric fields is attracting attention as a means of activating neural tissues distant from the stimulation electrodes. This stimulation strategy can be advantageous to suprachroidal retinal prosthesis in which stimulation electrodes are relatively distant from the target neurons of retina. The purpose of this study is to establish methods of direct measurements and visualization of the electric field generated when retina is stimulated using TI.

Methods : A phantom eye was constructed from a custom-made dish (dia.=24 mm). We placed 25 silver electrodes (dia.=0.5 mm) along the inside wall of the annular chamber at 6 mm from the bottom (Fig. 1). Sinusoidal waves of 1.4 mA amplitude were applied to the two selected electrodes. The frequencies of sinusoidal waves were 2 kHz for the first electrode and 2.05 kHz for the second, respectively. The electric field was recorded using two pairs of PTFE insulated platinum-iridium wires (dia.= 0.05mm), each pair making a 0.35 mm- spaced dipole electrode and aligned orthogonally to each other at the tip. These recording electrodes were connected to an oscilloscope via differential probe.

Results : The interference of two sinusoidal electric fields was successfully observed as shown in Fig.2. Phases of envelopes were 180 degrees different between X component and Y component, which was consistent with the theoretical prediction.

Conclusions : We successfully visualized the envelope waveform generated by TI. Our future work will include a qualitative and quantitative comparison of results from measurements and numerical calculation.

This is a 2021 ARVO Annual Meeting abstract.

 

Fig.1 Custom made dish (left) and stimulation electrodes (right).

Fig.1 Custom made dish (left) and stimulation electrodes (right).

 

Fig.2 An example of envelope generated by the interference of two sinusoidal waves.

Fig.2 An example of envelope generated by the interference of two sinusoidal waves.

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