Abstract
Purpose :
To investigate the 10-year incidence of open-angle glaucoma (OAG) in highly myopic eyes as compared with non-highly myopic eyes in the population-based longitudinal Beijing Eye Study (BES).
Methods :
Out of 4439 participants aged 40+ years who took part in the BES in 2001, 2695 participants (60.7%) were re-examined in 2011, while 397 (8.5%) individuals had died. The study population was into a highly myopic group (refractive error ≤-6 diopters [D]), moderately myopic group (-3 to -6 D), low myopic group (-1 to -3 D), and emmetropic/hyperopic group (>-1D). Incident glaucoma was defined as new development of glaucomatous optic neuropathy in 2011. A flicker method was used to compare aligned photographs of the optic nerve head and retinal nerve fiber layers, taken at baseline and after 10 years. The anterior angle was evaluated with anterior segment optical coherence tomography.
Results :
Incident OAG was found in 74 participants among 2492 participants free of glaucoma at baseline, with the 10-year incidence of 3.0 ±0.3% (95% confidence interval (CI): 2.4 to 3.7%). The incidence was highest in the high myopia group (12.3±3.2%, odds ratio (OR): 6.5, 95% confidence interval of OR: 2.8, 15.1), followed by the moderately myopic group (8.2±1.9%, OR: 4.1, 95% CI: 2.0, 8.7) and the low myopic group (5.8±1.2%, OR: 2.8, 95% CI: 1.5, 5.3), as compared with the emmetropic group (2.1±0.3%). OAG incidence was higher in participants with older age, higher intraocular pressure, thinner cornea, and with a larger cup-disc diameter ratio (all P≤0.01) in the emmetropic eyes. In the highly myopic group, OAG incidence was associated with male sex (P=0.03) and marginally associated with a thinner cornea (P=0.06), but not with age (P=0.27).
Conclusions :
In a 10-year follow-up, high myopia was a major risk factor for the development of OAG with a 6.5-fold risk increase as compared with emmetropic eyes in an adult Chinese population recruited by a population-based manner.
This is a 2021 ARVO Annual Meeting abstract.