Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science Cover Image for Volume 62, Issue 8
June 2021
Volume 62, Issue 8
Open Access
ARVO Annual Meeting Abstract  |   June 2021
Spatial Patterns of Preclinical Visual Fields in Glaucoma
Author Affiliations & Notes
  • Eun Young Choi
    Department of Ophthalmology, Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
    Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States
  • Lucy Q Shen
    Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
  • Louis R Pasquale
    Eye and Vision Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States
  • Michael V Boland
    Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
  • Pradeep Y Ramulu
    Johns Hopkins Medicine Wilmer Eye Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
  • Sarah W Wellik
    University of Miami Health System Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Miami, Florida, United States
  • C Gustavo De Moraes
    Edward S. Harkness Eye Institute, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States
  • Jonathan S. Myers
    Wills Eye Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
  • Siamak Yousefi
    The University of Tennessee Health Science Center Department of Ophthalmology Hamilton Eye Institute, Memphis, Tennessee, United States
  • Peter Bex
    Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
  • Yangjiani Li
    Department of Ophthalmology, Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
  • Mohammad Eslami
    Department of Ophthalmology, Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
  • Tobias Elze
    Department of Ophthalmology, Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
  • Mengyu Wang
    Department of Ophthalmology, Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
  • Footnotes
    Commercial Relationships   Eun Young Choi, None; Lucy Shen, Topcon (F); Louis Pasquale, Emerald Biosciences (C), Eyenovia (C), Twenty-twenty (C); Michael Boland, None; Pradeep Ramulu, None; Sarah Wellik, None; C Gustavo De Moraes, None; Jonathan S. Myers, None; Siamak Yousefi, None; Peter Bex, None; Yangjiani Li, None; Mohammad Eslami, None; Tobias Elze, None; Mengyu Wang, None
  • Footnotes
    Support  NIH K99 EY028631 (M.W.), NIH R21 EY030142 (T.E.), NIH R21 EY030631 (T.E.), NIH R01 EY030575 (T.E.), NIH R01 EY015473 (L.R.P.)
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science June 2021, Vol.62, 1007. doi:
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      Eun Young Choi, Lucy Q Shen, Louis R Pasquale, Michael V Boland, Pradeep Y Ramulu, Sarah W Wellik, C Gustavo De Moraes, Jonathan S. Myers, Siamak Yousefi, Peter Bex, Yangjiani Li, Mohammad Eslami, Tobias Elze, Mengyu Wang; Spatial Patterns of Preclinical Visual Fields in Glaucoma. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 2021;62(8):1007.

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      © ARVO (1962-2015); The Authors (2016-present)

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Abstract

Purpose : To investigate spatial patterns of preclinical visual fields and their association with future development of glaucoma.

Methods : We selected reliable 24-2 preclinical VFs for each eye from a multi-center dataset. Preclinical VFs were defined as mean deviation (MD) ≥ -1 dB, glaucoma hemifield test (GHT) within normal limits and pattern standard deviation (PSD) probability > 5%. An unsupervised artificial intelligence method termed archetypal analysis was applied to determine the preclinical VF patterns from total deviation values. The VF patterns and global indices (age, MD, PSD) of the baseline VF were associated with the incidence of subsequent glaucoma diagnosis (defined by MD ≤ -3 dB and abnormal GHT and PSD probabilities on VFs measured at least 3 months from the baseline) using Cox survival regression with mixed effects addressing the issue of inter-eye correlations. Model selection was performed using Bayesian information criterion (BIC).

Results : We determined 10 preclinical VF archetypal patterns from 44,410 VFs including two variants of normal VF archetypes (ATs 1 and 5), superior and inferior loss (ATs 4 and 9), superior and inferior peripheral loss (ATs 10 and 8), nasal and temporal loss (ATs 3 and 7), nasal-temporal peripheral loss (AT 6) and central scotoma (AT 2). Among the 17,192 eyes with follow-up tests, 7.1% of the eyes were subsequently diagnosed with glaucoma at an average of 4.3 years with a standard deviation of 2.9 years. From univariable regressions, subsequent glaucoma diagnoses were positively associated (p < 0.001) with age, PSD, and ATs 3, 4, 6, 7, and negatively associated (p < 0.001) with MD and ATs 1, 2 and 5. From multivariable regressions with AT features, glaucoma diagnoses were positively associated (p < 0.001) with ATs 3, 4, 6, 7 and 9 after feature selection. When combining ATs with global indices, glaucoma diagnoses were positively correlated (p < 0.001) with age, PSD, and AT 3, and negatively correlated (p < 0.04) with ATs 1 and 8. AT 10 remained in the optimal model with an insignificant p value. The model combining the VF patterns with global indices strongly outperformed the model using global indices alone (BIC value lowering of 160; BIC lowering of > 6 indicates strong model improvement).

Conclusions : Preclinical VF patterns were assessed and quantified for the first time to our knowledge. These VF patterns can be used to improve prediction of future glaucoma diagnoses.

This is a 2021 ARVO Annual Meeting abstract.

 

 

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