Abstract
Purpose :
A retrospective observational clinical study was performed to evaluate the characteristics of patients submitted to corneal transplantation surgeries in 2019.
Methods :
Medical records of patients submitted to corneal transplantation from January to December 2019 at HOFTALON, Londrina city, Brazil were included. Sociodemographic data, visual acuity, cause of corneal transplant, topographic exam and complications were evaluated and submitted to statistical analysis. Exclusion criteria were incomplete medical records. Visual acuity was separated in categories: legal blindness, subnormal and normal vision.
Results :
From 98 medical records evaluated, 91 patients submitted to corneal transplant surgeries were included. The mean age was 49.9 years, 50.5% were male. Glaucoma was the main ocular comorbidity, present in 11 (12.1%) patients.
The causes of corneal transplant were: keratoconus (35/38.5%), post-FACO decompensation (16/17.6%), primary transplant failure (8). The average waiting time from indication to surgery was 125 days. Regarding the surgical technique, 70 patients (76.9%) underwent penetrating keratoplasty (PK), 17 deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK) and 4 Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK). 80 patients (87.9%) presented legal blindness (<20/400) before surgery, 6 (6.6%) subnormal vision (20/200-20/60) and 5 (5.5%) normal vision (20/50-20/20). A total of 61 patients (67%) improved vision after transplantation; of these, 11 improved two categories. 50% (35) of patients submitted to PK had improvement and 48.6% (34) maintained the same vision; 58.5% (10) submitted to DALK also showed improvement of vision. 64.8% didn`t have complications, 30.8% presented corneal transplant failure and 4.4% developed glaucoma. 11(39.3%) patients had a successful clinical treatment for transplant rejection. The main treatment for rejection was topical corticosteroids, administered to 17 patients (60.7%) and Corneal rejection was proportionally greater in patients who underwent PK, but no statistical significance was observed. Corneal topography was performed in patients after transplantation, with an average K of 42.79.
Conclusions :
Penetrating keratoplasty remains the most used technique in our Hospital and Keratoconus was the main cause of indication for surgeries. The most used treatment for corneal rejection was topical corticosteroids with a good response in our patients.
This is a 2021 ARVO Annual Meeting abstract.