Difference in characteristics of central serous chorioretinopathy with and without choroidal neovascularization on OCT angiography

Abstract

Purpose : To compare the characteristics of central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) with and without choroidal neovascularization (CNV) at final visit on optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) at multiple centers.

Methods : The subjects were 292 eyes of 264 patients (188males, 76 females, 52.0 ± 11.8 years) who were diagnosed with CSC at 6 JCREST participating institutions from 2016 through 2019 and underwent OCTA at the first and final visits. We excluded patients with CNV at first visits. On the basis of clinical assessment by OCTA detection of the presence of CNV at final visit, patients with CSC were divided into two groups (CNV group and non-CNV group).
We examined gender, age, spherical equivalent, best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), subfoveal retinal thickness, choroidal thickness, the presence or absence of recurrence during the course, and whether patients were acute or chronic CSC. Recurrence was defined as the emergence of new subretinal fluid following complete regression of the previous CSC episode. Acute CSC was characterized as the presence of visual symptoms for less than 6 months.

Results : During the three-year follow-up, secondary CNV at final visit was presented in 21 eyes (7.2%) based on the OCTA, whereas 271 eyes (92.8%) in non-CNV group. CNV group appeared worse visual acuity at final visit and older age, which were significantly different from the non-CNV group (P =0.002, P =0.033, respectively). In addition, 13 eyes (61.9%) was regarded as chronic CSC in CNV group, and 104 eyes (38.4%) in non-CNV group with statistical significance (p = 0.034). On the other hand, the recurrence rate and recurrence frequency in CNV group were 76.2% and 1.63±0.81, separately (P＝0.035,P＝0.0018) which were significantly higher than those in non-CNV group.

Conclusions : CNV appears in 7.2% of CSC patients in long-term follow-up. Patients with CNV secondary to CSC had older mean age, poor visual acuity, higher rates of chronic CSC and recurrence than patients without CNV.

This is a 2021 ARVO Annual Meeting abstract.