Abstract
Purpose :
The purpose of the current study is to elucidate the epidemiological background of central serous chorioretinopathy, including its incidence and treatment pattern, using a nationwide health insurance claims database of the Japanese population.
Methods :
This is a population-based cohort study using a nationwide health insurance claims database, which included the entire Japanese population aged 30 years or older (91 million people) between 2011 to 2018. The National Database of Health Insurance Claims and Specific Health Checkups of Japan (NDB) is a national claim database managed by Japan Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare (MHWL). As Japan employs universal health coverage, the NDB covers almost all claims issued in Japan. We accessed all data stored in the NDB under the permission of the MHWL. CSC onset was recorded by age and sex categories per year between 2011 and 2018, and the incidence rate was calculated. We identified laser photocoagulation (PC), photodynamic therapy (PDT) with verteporfin, and anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) intravitreal injection to evaluate the transition of the initial treatment pattern. In addition, geographical, climatic, and seasonal variation of incidence rate was also assessed.
Results :
During the 8-year period, 247,930 incidences of CSC were identified, among which 75.9 % were male. The crude incidence rate (per 100,000 person-years) in the general population aged 30 years or older was 34.04 (95% CI, 33.90–34.17), that in males was 54.16 (95% CI, 53.91-54.40) and that in females was 15.67 (95% CI, 15.54-15.79). The mean age of onset was younger in males than in females (50.51 ± 12.48 years vs 54.67 ± 13.53 years). Most of the newly diagnosed CSC patients (86.8%) did not receive PC, PDT, or anti-VEGF. The incidence rate showed significant geographical, climatic, and seasonal variations; for example, low incidence was observed in relatively rural, cold, and snowy areas, and in summer and winter.
Conclusions :
The current study provides the largest population-based evidence to clarify the detailed epidemiology of CSC. These results could help to understand the pathogenesis and mechanisms of CSC in the future.
This is a 2021 ARVO Annual Meeting abstract.