Abstract
Purpose :
To investigate the relation between dry eye disease (DED) and high myopia (HM) in Japanese teenagers.
Methods :
The Institutional Review Board and Ethics Committee of Tsukuba Central Hospital and Kanagawa Medical Association approved this study. This study was a retrospective, descriptive, consecutive case series. We compared the dry eye condition in 106 HM patients (mean age, 16.4 ± 2.2y), 494 mild myopic (MM) patients (15.0 ± 2.6y), and 82 non-myopic (NM) subjects (13.8 ± 2.6y) aged between 10 and 19 years old at Japanese eye clinics. Myopia, astigmatic error, and anisometropia were assessed. Dry eye-related symptoms questionnaire including; dryness, irritation, pain, fatigue, blurring and photophobia were evaluated. Intraocular pressure, tear film break-up time (BUT) and fluorescein staining were investigated. The need for consent was waived by the Institutional Review Board. Regression analysis of myopic error and other variables was conducted.
Results :
Anisometropia and astigmatic error were greatest in the HM group compared with other groups (P < 0.001). HM group reported more dryness (P = 0.034), less photophobia (P < 0.001), and less pain (P = 0.039) compared with NM group. Most of the symptoms except for fatigue were apparently associated with myopic error. Regression analysis revealed that astigmatic error (β = -0.231, P < 0.001), anisometropia (β = -0.191, P < 0.001), short BUT (β = -0.086, P = 0.028), and presence of diagnosed DED (β = -0.112, P = 0.003) were correlated with myopic error. Regarding symptoms, dryness (β = -0.127 P = 0.004), photophobia (β = 0.117, P = 0.002), and pain (β = 0.084, P = 0.034) were correlated with myopic error as well.
Conclusions :
Our study showed significant clinical findings of DED in HM patients. The present results indicated DED might be associated with HM in teenagers.
This abstract was presented at the 2022 ARVO Annual Meeting, held in Denver, CO, May 1-4, 2022, and virtually.