Abstract
Purpose :
To assess prevalence and associated factors of depression, anxiety and suicidal ideas in populations from Russia.
Methods :
In rural and urban regions in Bashkortostan/Russia, we conducted two population-based studies (Ural Eye and Medical Study (UEMS), Ural Very Old Study (UVOS)) which included participants aged 40+ years and 85+ years, respectively.
Results :
In the UEMS with 5893 individuals (age:59.0±10.7 years;range:40-94 years), higher depression score and higher anxiety score were associated with more marked hearing loss (beta:0.07;P<0.001,and beta:0.07;P<0.0012,respectively) and worse visual acuity (beta:0.04;P=0.02; and beta:0.03;P=0.03,resp.), after adjusting for parameters such as female sex, Russian ethnicity, lower educational level, higher prevalence of alcohol consumption, weaker hand grip strength, less physical activity, and higher prevalence of dry eye disease. Attempted suicide was reported by 88 (1.5%;95%CI:1.2,1.8) participants, with 20 individuals indicating financial reasons for their attempt. Having thought of suicide was reported by 63 (1.1%) individuals. Overall, 131 (2.2%;95%CI:1.9,2.6) individuals attempted or thought of suicide. Out of 1491 UVOS participants (age:88.2±2.8 years;range:85-100 years) with a mean depression score of 20.0±10.3 (median:18;range:0-58), 916/1491 (61.4%;95%CI:59.0,63.9) fulfilled the definition of depression (depressions core ≥16). Higher depression score and higher anxiety score correlated with higher hearing loss score (beta:0.07;P=0.02, and beta:0.06;P=0.04,resp.) and worse visual acuity (beta:0.13;P<0.001, and beta:0.11;P<0.001,resp.), after adjusting for variables such as female sex, urban region of habitation, less physical activity, lower number of days with fruit intake, and lower cognitive function. Overall, 15 (1.0%;95%CI:0.50,1.50) individuals had attempted or thought of suicide.
Conclusions :
Besides female sex, lower level of education and lower cognitive function, it was sensory impairment, namely vision and hearing impairment, which belonged to the determinants of depression and anxiety in these populations from Russia. Future studies may explore the role of improvement of vision and hearing impairment in the prevention and therapy of depression and anxiety.
This abstract was presented at the 2022 ARVO Annual Meeting, held in Denver, CO, May 1-4, 2022, and virtually.