June 2022
Volume 63, Issue 7
Open Access
ARVO Annual Meeting Abstract  |   June 2022
Availability of Social Determinants of Health Data for Ophthalmology Patients in Electronic Health Records
Author Affiliations & Notes
  • Mahasweta Nayak
    University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States
    University of California at San Diego Department of Ophthalmology at the Shiley Eye Institute, La Jolla, California, United States
  • Terrence Cheng-Yuan Lee
    University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States
    University of California at San Diego Department of Ophthalmology at the Shiley Eye Institute, La Jolla, California, United States
  • Bharanidharan Radha Saseendrakumar
    University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States
    University of California at San Diego Department of Ophthalmology at the Shiley Eye Institute, La Jolla, California, United States
  • Alison X. Chan
    University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States
    University of California at San Diego Department of Ophthalmology at the Shiley Eye Institute, La Jolla, California, United States
  • John J. McDermott IV
    University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States
    University of California at San Diego Department of Ophthalmology at the Shiley Eye Institute, La Jolla, California, United States
  • Bita Shahrvini
    University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States
    University of California at San Diego Department of Ophthalmology at the Shiley Eye Institute, La Jolla, California, United States
  • Gordon Y. Ye
    University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States
    University of California at San Diego Department of Ophthalmology at the Shiley Eye Institute, La Jolla, California, United States
  • Amy M. Sitapati
    University of California at San Diego Department of Ophthalmology at the Shiley Eye Institute, La Jolla, California, United States
    University of California San Diego Department of Medicine, La Jolla, California, United States
  • Camille Nebeker
    University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States
  • Sally Baxter
    University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States
    University of California at San Diego Department of Ophthalmology at the Shiley Eye Institute, La Jolla, California, United States
  • Footnotes
    Commercial Relationships   Mahasweta Nayak None; Terrence Lee None; Bharanidharan Radha Saseendrakumar None; Alison X. Chan None; John J. McDermott IV None; Bita Shahrvini None; Gordon Y. Ye None; Amy M. Sitapati None; Camille Nebeker None; Sally Baxter None
  • Footnotes
    Support  NIH grant DP5OD029610, Research to Prevent Blindness unrestricted departmental grant, NLM grant 5T15LM01127109
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science June 2022, Vol.63, 2132 – A0160. doi:
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    • Get Citation

      Mahasweta Nayak, Terrence Cheng-Yuan Lee, Bharanidharan Radha Saseendrakumar, Alison X. Chan, John J. McDermott IV, Bita Shahrvini, Gordon Y. Ye, Amy M. Sitapati, Camille Nebeker, Sally Baxter; Availability of Social Determinants of Health Data for Ophthalmology Patients in Electronic Health Records. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 2022;63(7):2132 – A0160.

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      © ARVO (1962-2015); The Authors (2016-present)

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Abstract

Purpose : Social Determinants of Health (SDoH) have been shown to play a substantial role in the development and treatment of eye conditions. Electronic health records (EHRs) offer a potential source for obtaining information regarding social determinants, but missing data are a known limitation of EHRs. In this study, we aimed to quantify the availability of SDoH data in our institutional EHR system for patients with common eye conditions.

Methods : Based on diagnosis codes, we identified adult patients (18 years and older) in the University of California San Diego (UCSD) EHR with the following conditions: cataracts, glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration (AMD), and diabetic retinopathy (DR). For each cohort, we extracted SDoH data from the EHR. SDoH variables included demographics (age, race, ethnicity, gender), social history (alcohol, tobacco, drug use), and other relevant variables (income, education, housing security, food insecurity, stress levels, physical activity). We calculated data coverage per variable (i.e. the proportion of patients with available data for that variable) and analyzed the distribution of data coverage across variables within each cohort. We evaluated whether SDoH data coverage differed significantly among cohorts using chi-squared analyses, defining statistical significance as p<0.05. All analyses were performed using R.

Results : We identified 40,429 patients with cataracts, 26,794 patients with glaucoma, 6,713 patients with AMD, and 6,616 patients with DR. Demographic data across all cohorts had the highest rate of coverage at 98%. Tobacco-related variables had 80-90% coverage across all cohorts, while alcohol-related variables had 40-90% coverage. All remaining SDoH variables such as education, food insecurity, and income had an average of approximately 2-5% coverage (Figure 1). SDoH variables had low rates of data coverage across all cohorts.

Conclusions : There is increasing interest in understanding how social determinants influence the risk of eye disease and outcome. However, our study demonstrates that coverage of SDoH in our institutional EHR was highly variable, with large amounts of missing data. This highlights the need to develop standard practices for collecting SDoH data as well as to understand how to overcome potential barriers to data collection.

This abstract was presented at the 2022 ARVO Annual Meeting, held in Denver, CO, May 1-4, 2022, and virtually.

 

Figure 1. Social determinants of health data coverage for patients with eye conditions in UCSD’s EHR.

Figure 1. Social determinants of health data coverage for patients with eye conditions in UCSD’s EHR.

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