Abstract
Purpose :
Using fundus images in classification of high myopia maculopathies lead to missing of different lesions such as retinoschisis, thus we conduct a cross sectional observational study to analyze high myopia large dataset to demonstrate it's maculopathies current situation based on optical coherence tomography diagnosis and find the risk factors of these compllications.
Methods :
7797 eyes of 4000 high myopic patients data were analyzed in this study.
The definition of high myopia in adult axial length of ≥26mm, pediatric ≤5 y/o, 6 to 8 y/o, 9 to 15 y/o a myopic SE of ≤ -4 D, ≤ -6 D, ≤ -8 D, respectively.
This study classified data into eight categories as follows from 0 to 7:
0:No maculopathies.
1:Retinoschisis.
2:Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD).
3:Retinal detachment related to retinoschisis or macular hole.
4:Serious macular atrophy.
5:Macular hole.
6:Choroidal neovascularization.
7:Macular Epiretinal membrane.
Statistical method:
Descriptive analysis and ANOVA with Bonferroni multiple comparison tests used to study the difference in age and AxL values for different categories.
Data is divided into four age groups ≤15 y/o, 16-30 y/o, 30-50 y/o, ≥51y/o and Descriptive analysis were performed for each group.
Results :
Frequency, mean of age and AxL in all catagories are as follows 0:(6199)(29.21±16.24)(28.14±1.8), 1:(720)(52.35±13.8)(29.94±1.91), 2:(239)(39.9±14.11)(28.41±2.01), 3:(164)(58.54±11.65)(29.89±2.11), 4:(202)(50.97±14.77)(31.13±2.58), 5:(97)(54.09±11.4)(30.03±2.46), 6:(95)(49.36±14.21)(29.78±1.65), 7:(81)(54.23±13.22)(29.64±2.21).
Anova test results have shown that there is a significant difference between maculopathies categories in term of Age and AxL, F = 371.19, F = 185.46, respectively, p = <0.001, Bonferroni post-hoc test revealed no maculopathies group and RRD group are significantily different from all other groups in terms of age and AxL with p = <0.05.
Number of eyes with and without maculopathies in age groups: ≤15 y/o:12, 1413, 16-30 y/o:151, 2236, 30-50 y/o:576,1810, ≥51y/o:859, 740 respectively.
Conclusions :
Based on OCT diagnosis our study emphasize that with older age and longer axial length there is increase in occurence of myopic maculopathies, out of 720 eyes with retinoschisis, 202 eyes with serious macular atrophy more than half patients were elder than 51y/o.
In contrast to RD related to retinoschisis or macular hole, RRD occur more frequently in young and middle-aged patients with shorter axial length.
This abstract was presented at the 2023 ARVO Annual Meeting, held in New Orleans, LA, April 23-27, 2023.