Abstract
Purpose :
To investigate the effects of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP4i) and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) on retinal complications in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Methods :
Data were collected retrospectively from medical records of 731 patients with type 2 diabetes who presented at the Department of Ophthalmology of Ajou University Hospital (Suwon, Korea) from January 2019 to July 2022. We compared the prevalence of diabetic macular edema (DME) as well as retinal complications needing intravitreal injection among the patients with diabetic retinopathy treated with either dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP4i) or sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i). Categorical variables were compared using chi-square test, and continuous variables were compared using independent t-test. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify the factors associated with either DME or intravitreal injection.
Results :
A total of 330 patients with DR (263 DPP4i users and 67 SGLT2i users) were finally included in this study. DPP4i users presented more frequently DME (P = 0.048) and needed more intravitreal injections (P = 0.001) compared to SGLT2i users. There were no significant differences in the duration of diabetes and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels between DPP4i users and SGLT2i users. The use of DPP4i was associated with higher need for intravitreal injections compared to SGLT2i (OR 3.073, 95% CI 1.537 – 6.145). Similar tendency was noted for DME, while this was not statistically significant (OR 2.116, 95% CI 0.993 – 4.506).
Conclusions :
The use of DPP4i might be associated with higher risk of clinically significant retinal complications of diabetic retinopathy.
This abstract was presented at the 2023 ARVO Annual Meeting, held in New Orleans, LA, April 23-27, 2023.