June 2023
Volume 64, Issue 8
Open Access
ARVO Annual Meeting Abstract  |   June 2023
Impact of Dyslipidemia Medications on the Prevalence of Diabetic Retinopathy Among a Large US Cohort
Author Affiliations & Notes
  • Srila Chadalavada
    University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio, United States
    Center for Ophthalmic Bioinformatics, Cleveland Clinic Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, United States
  • Jacqueline K. Shaia
    Center for Ophthalmic Bioinformatics, Cleveland Clinic Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, United States
    Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, United States
  • Matthew Russell
    Center for Ophthalmic Bioinformatics, Cleveland Clinic Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, United States
    Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States
  • Katherine Talcott
    Center for Ophthalmic Bioinformatics, Cleveland Clinic Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, United States
    Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States
  • Rishi Singh
    Center for Ophthalmic Bioinformatics, Cleveland Clinic Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, United States
    Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States
  • Footnotes
    Commercial Relationships   Srila Chadalavada None; Jacqueline Shaia None; Matthew Russell None; Katherine Talcott Zeiss, Regenxbio , Code F (Financial Support), Genentech/Roche, Apellis, Eyepoint, Code I (Personal Financial Interest); Rishi Singh Genentech/Roche, Alcon, Novartis, Regeneron, Asclepix, Gyroscope, Bausch and Lomb, Apellis, Code I (Personal Financial Interest)
  • Footnotes
    Support  P30EY025585(BA-A), Research to Prevent Blindness (RPB) Challenge Grant, Cleveland Eye Bank Foundation Grant. This project was also supported by the Clinical and Translational Science Collaborative (CTSC) of Cleveland which is funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH), National Center for Advancing Translational Science (NCATS), Clinical and Translational Science Award (CTSA) grant, UL1TR002548. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the NIH.
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science June 2023, Vol.64, 2267. doi:
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      Srila Chadalavada, Jacqueline K. Shaia, Matthew Russell, Katherine Talcott, Rishi Singh; Impact of Dyslipidemia Medications on the Prevalence of Diabetic Retinopathy Among a Large US Cohort. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 2023;64(8):2267.

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      © ARVO (1962-2015); The Authors (2016-present)

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Abstract

Purpose : Dyslipidemia has been associated with diabetes mellitus (DM), diabetic retinopathy (DR), and worsening of disease status. Statin and fibrate class medications have also been associated with a reduction in DR disease progression to advanced proliferative DR (PDR). However, real world data on the ability of these drugs to prevent progression is lacking. The purpose of this study is to evaluate if cholesterol-lowering medications have a potential protective effect against the prevalence of DR and advanced DR complications.

Methods : TriNetX, a live cross-sectional database comprised of over 79 million Americans, was utilized for this study. Data was collected using ICD codes and was obtained between June and August 2022. Prevalence and prevalence odds ratios were calculated.

Results : 7,908,291 Americans were defined as having dyslipidemia when this study took place, amounting to a prevalence of 26.7% in the general population greater than 60 years old, 50% in the DM population, and 65% in the DR population. Patients taking stronger cholesterol lowering medications including pitavastatin (statin class) (OR 0.64, 95% CI 0.49, 0.84), fenofibrate (fibrate class) (OR 0.83, CI 0.79, 0.87), or evolocumab (PCSK9 inhibitor class) (OR 0.80, CI 0.68, 0.95) were found to have lower prevalence odds ratios of PDR compared to having nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR). Patients taking any cholesterol medication were less likely to experience vitreous hemorrhage (VH). Patients taking fibrates had a decreased likelihood of also experiencing a diagnosis of neovascular glaucoma (NVG). Additionally, Hispanic or Latino females and white females had higher rates of dyslipidemia compared to white males, but lower odds ratios of being treated with a cholesterol-lowering medication, potentially indicating a treatment discrepancy.

Conclusions : The present study highlights a positive association between DR and dyslipidemia, as well as medications that may have protective effects with respect to DR status and worsening events. Further clinical trials are necessary to better understand the true therapeutic effect of these medications and potential discrepancies in prescribing practices.

This abstract was presented at the 2023 ARVO Annual Meeting, held in New Orleans, LA, April 23-27, 2023.

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