Global Insights into Ocular Inflammation: Results from the OASIS Clinical Registry in Four Tropical Countries

Abstract

Purpose : Ocular inflammatory diseases (OID) are commonly sight-threatening and can generate life-lasting complications. This study aims to describe the epidemiology and classification of OID across 4 tropical countries via the Ocular Autoimmune Systemic Inflammatory Infectious study (OASIS) clinical registry.

Methods : This is a retrospective study based on all clinical charts uploaded to the OASIS registry from 8 tertiary eye care centres in 4 tropical countries (Colombia, India, Indonesia, and Nepal) until December 1, 2022.

Results : A total of 560 patients were included, 112 (20%) from Colombia, 342 (61.1%) from India, 27 (4.8%) from Indonesia, and 79 (14.1%) from Nepal. Overall, 43.9% were female, and the mean age at presentation was 37.2 ± 16.9 years. Bilateral involvement accounted for 44.3% of cases. The top 3 most common anatomical diagnosis was non-granulomatous anterior uveitis (42.0%), panuveitis (35.7%) and intermediate uveitis (10.7%) in Colombia cohort; retinal vasculitis (26.3%), non-granulomatous anterior uveitis (17.3%) and posterior uveitis (14.9%) in India cohort; non-granulomatous anterior uveitis (33.3%), panuveitis (29.6%) and posterior uveitis (22.2%) in Indonesia cohort; and granulomatous anterior uveitis (22.8%), intermediate uveitis (21.5%) and anterior scleritis (16.5%) in Nepal cohort. The most common etiology for ocular inflammation was infective in India (38%), Indonesia (51.9%), and Nepal (88.6%) cohorts, with tuberculosis being the leading cause in all 3 countries. Idiopathic was the most common etiology for ocular inflammation in Colombia (42.7%) cohort.

Conclusions : Patterns of ocular inflammation share similarities and differences among the countries, regardless of their tropical characteristics. Understanding the disease variations through a common platform of an international clinical registry may help improve the diagnosis and management of uveitis in the globalized world.

This abstract was presented at the 2023 ARVO Annual Meeting, held in New Orleans, LA, April 23-27, 2023.