June 2023
Volume 64, Issue 8
Open Access
ARVO Annual Meeting Abstract  |   June 2023
Epidemiology and Clinical Patterns of Open Globe Trauma at a Level 1 Trauma Center
Author Affiliations & Notes
  • Erin Su
    Ophthalmology, Keck Hospital of USC, Los Angeles, California, United States
  • Jodi Hwang
    Ophthalmology, Keck Hospital of USC, Los Angeles, California, United States
  • Xuejuan Jiang
    Ophthalmology, Keck Hospital of USC, Los Angeles, California, United States
  • Juan Carlos Martinez
    Ophthalmology, Keck Hospital of USC, Los Angeles, California, United States
    Biomedical Therapeutics, USC Ginsberg Institute, Los Angeles, California, United States
  • Footnotes
    Commercial Relationships   Erin Su None; Jodi Hwang None; Xuejuan Jiang None; Juan Carlos Martinez None
  • Footnotes
    Support  None
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science June 2023, Vol.64, 1183. doi:
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      Erin Su, Jodi Hwang, Xuejuan Jiang, Juan Carlos Martinez; Epidemiology and Clinical Patterns of Open Globe Trauma at a Level 1 Trauma Center. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 2023;64(8):1183.

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      © ARVO (1962-2015); The Authors (2016-present)

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Abstract

Purpose : To evaluate demographics, prognostic factors, and clinical outcomes of open globe injuries referred to a level 1 trauma center and to determine association between complications and OTS score and visual acuity.

Methods : A retrospective review was done of all patients diagnosed with traumatic open globes at LAC+USC Medical Center from August 2019 through August 2022. Demographic data included sex, age, and ethnicity/race of patients. Ocular trauma details included mechanism of injury and associated factors, complications, Ocular Trauma Scores (OTS), and visual acuities (VA). The associations between visual outcomes and demographic data, and visual outcomes and ocular trauma details were assessed with Fisher’s Exact Test and Chi-Squared analyses respectively.

Results : Ninety-five patients with traumatic open globes were included in the study (average age of 42.7 ± 14.6). The majority were male (n = 87, 91.6%) and Hispanic/Latino (n = 66, 69.5%). Other case demographics and characteristics are categorized in Table 1. Seventeen (17.9%) cases included extraocular injuries and were significantly correlated with poor final visual acuity (for the purposes of our study, defined as worse than 20/200) (p = 0.0084). Of the 72 cases (75.8%) with pre-intervention visual acuities recorded, 23.1% had an OTS score of 1, 34.7% had a score of 2, 14.7% had a score of 3, 2.1% had a score of 4, and 1.1% had a score of 5. OTS scores were found to be highly predictive of final visual acuities (p = 0.0084). Nearly all patients chose to pursue surgical intervention, with the exception of 6 patients. The most common complications seen included traumatic cataract, hyphema, vitreous hemorrhage, and retinal detachment. The most common sequelae included corneal scarring, changes in intraocular pressure, and choroidal injury. There was no significant association found between the presence of complications/sequelae and OTS score (df = 8, χ2 = 0.75) or with visual acuity (df = 16, χ2 = 0.037).

Conclusions : Our study demonstrated that OTS scores remain the most valuable tool for final visual prognosis in ocular trauma patients. However, our data also demonstrated that extraocular involvement in open globe injuries also plays an important role in the final visual prognosis, and could be considered as an additional factor alongside the OTS score.

This abstract was presented at the 2023 ARVO Annual Meeting, held in New Orleans, LA, April 23-27, 2023.

 

Table 1: Case demographics and characteristics

Table 1: Case demographics and characteristics

 

Table 2: Mechanism of injury stratified by OTS score

Table 2: Mechanism of injury stratified by OTS score

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