Abstract
Purpose :
This study aimed to compare myopia progression and binocular visual performance of children after one year of wearing Defocus Incorporated Multiple Segments (DIMS) lenses or single vision (SV) lenses.
Methods :
This randomized controlled trial enrolled 177 Chinese myopic (+0.50D~-8.00D) children aged 8-14, who were randomly assigned to wear DIMS lenses and SV lenses for one year. Examinations were performed at baseline and the 3-, 6-, 9-, and 12- months follow-up visits. Refractive error and axial length were measured to assess myopia progression. Patients completed the visual function test, including accommodation amplitude, accommodative facility, distance and near phoria, accommodation convergence/accommodation (AC/A), contrast sensitivity (CS), and Quality of Life Impact of Refractive Correction (QIRC) questionnaire to compare differences in visual performance between the two groups.
Results :
Average 12-month axial elongation and myopia progression were 0.17±0.14mm and-0.25±0.34D for DIMS group and 0.30±0.15 mm and -0.54±0.40 D for SV group. The mean differences in axial elongation and myopia progression were 0.13 mm (95% CI 0.08 to 0.18mm,p<0.001) and -0.29D (95% CI −0.41 to −0.16D, p<0.001) between the DIMS and SV groups. Both distance and near phoria showed an exophoric shift (distance: p =0.005, near: p = 0.031) in the DIMS group, but only near phoria shifted toward exotropia (p=0.010) in the SV group. Gradient AC/A decreased in both groups (DIMS: P=0.030, SV: P=0.002). A statistically significant decrease in accommodation amplitude (DIMS: P<0.001, SV:P<0.001) and increased accommodation facility(DIMS:<0.001, SV:<0.001) were observed in both groups, but the differences between the two groups were not statistically significant. CS at all spatial frequencies and the total score of the QIRC questionnaire did not change significantly in both groups.
Conclusions :
Wearing DIMS lenses can effectively retard the progression of myopia in children compared with wearing SV lenses. Although the subjects showed exophoric shifts with DIMS lenses, similar changes were observed after wearing SV lenses. There were no significant differences in visual performance between the two groups.
This abstract was presented at the 2023 ARVO Annual Meeting, held in New Orleans, LA, April 23-27, 2023.