Abstract
Purpose :
To study the trends in the prevalence of retinal and optic nerve diseases in China based on artificial intelligence.
Methods :
This study is an artificial intelligence-based national screening, using the previously developed algorism Retinal Artificial Intelligence Diagnosis System (RAIDS). Participants who underwent annual physical examinations were included in this study. De-identified personal medical records between January 2019 to December 2021 were extracted from the 65 examination centers of the ikang Guobin Health Physical Examination centers in 19 provinces of China. RAIDS was deployed in each center and generated a report on 10 retinal and optic nerve diseases based on the 45-degree fundus.
Results :
A total of 1,904,927 participants enrolled in the annual physical examination. In 2021, adjusted referral possible glaucoma (63.29, 95%CI [57.12-68.90] cases per 1000) epiretinal macular membrane (21.84, [15.64-29.22] cases per 1000), age-related macular degeneration (13.93, [11.09-17.17] cases per 1000), and diabetic retinopathy (11.33, [8.89-13.77] cases per 1000) have the highest age and sex-adjusted prevalence among 10 diseases. The strong association between age and prevalence of 10 retinal and optic nerve diseases increased in. The sex difference was also detected. Female participants have a significantly higher adjusted prevalence of pathologic myopia, yet a lower prevalence of adjusted diabetic retinopathy, referral possible glaucoma, and hypertensive retinopathy than males. From 2019 to 2021, adjusted prevalence of retinal vein occlusion (0.99, [0.73-1.26] to 1.88, [1.42-2.44], percentage change: 89.90%), macular hole (0.59, [0.41-0.82] to 1.12, [0.76-1.51], percentage change: 89.83%) and hypertensive retinopathy (0.53, [0.40-0.67] to 0.77, [0.60-0.95], percentage change: 42.28%) have significant increased.
Conclusions :
Retinal and optic nerve diseases are an important public health concern in China. Immediate actions should be taken to deal with the increased prevalence of diabetic retinopathy, hypertensive retinopathy, retinal vein occlusion, and macular hole nationwide.
This abstract was presented at the 2024 ARVO Annual Meeting, held in Seattle, WA, May 5-9, 2024.