Abstract
Purpose :
Post-operative histology of human globes treated for retinal detachment with long-term silicone oil endotamponade (SOE) is not often reported. Retinal detachment in dogs is sometimes treated with extended use silicone oil with varying long-term success. We performed a retrospective study of enucleated dog globes submitted for histologic evaluation to characterize findings after SOE in this species.
Methods :
Signalment, history, clinical findings, and histologic findings were tabulated for canine globes treated with SOE that were received by the Comparative Ocular Pathology Laboratory of Wisconsin from Jan 2004-Nov 2023. Forty-five globes from 43 dogs with a history of SOE were from patients aged 2-16 years old.
Results :
Eight dogs had bilateral SOE (2/8 with both globes received). Time from detachment diagnosis to SOE (known in 8/45 globes) ranged from <24 hours-30 days. Time from SOE to enucleation (known in 23/45 globes) ranged from 6-2117 days. The most common non-SOE surgery was phacoemulsification done in 33/45 globes. Post-SOE detached retina (gross or clinical diagnosis) was present in 13/45 globes. Clinical or histologic corneal ulcer was diagnosed in 24/45 globes, and perforation in 6/45. Common histologic diagnoses included retinal degeneration (44/45 globes), membrane formation and synechiae (40/45), glaucoma (21/45), and retinal tear (10/45). Oil migration was identified clinically in 8/45 globes, 6 in the anterior chamber and 2 periocular. Oil was removed from 4 globes (8.9%). Oil was identified histologically, often in more than one site per globe, as clear vacuoles +/- macrophages (33/45 globes) or vacuolated macrophages alone (21/45). A common site of suspected oil migration was trabecular meshwork (20/45 globes). Three globes had optic nerve oil migration.
Conclusions :
Since extended use silicone oil is a more typical treatment in dogs and enucleation a more typical response to painful and/or blinding complications, histologic study of whole globes is more accessible. Corneal disease and glaucoma are common complications following SOE. Partnership with veterinary ophthalmologists for prospective study involving clinical examination, advanced imaging modalities, histology, and longer-term follow-up of patients may be beneficial in defining success rates, risk factors, and pathophysiology of complications.
This abstract was presented at the 2024 ARVO Annual Meeting, held in Seattle, WA, May 5-9, 2024.