Abstract
Purpose :
Explore the prevalence of Open-Angle Glaucoma (OAG) among highly myopic individuals across different age groups and evaluate efficacy of glaucoma screening in high myopia (HM) subgroup.
Methods :
The Tongren Health Care Study is a community-based study based on annual health checkup, with all participants underwent detailed systematic and ophthalmic examinations, while current participants were cross-sectionally selected from the examination between 2020 and 2022. HM was defined as a refractive error ≤ -5.00 diopters. Glaucoma was assessed by an experienced ophthalmologist based on color fundus photographs. An age and sex matched control group of emmetropic eyes was selected from the same study. The performance of a specific parameter in detecting OAG was assessed using the area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic curve (AUROC).
Results :
A total of 3083 HM participants and 2999 controls were selected. The prevalence of OAG was 6.1% (95%CI: 5.26%, 6.94%) and 1.6% (95%CI: 1.15%, 2.05%) in HM group and control group, respectively (P<0.001). The age-stratified OAG prevalence was seen in Fig 1. After adjusting for age and gender, and intraocular pressure (IOP), HM was found to be a significant risk factor for OAG (30-39: OR=2.916, P<0.001; 40-49: OR=7.077, P<0.001, 50-59: OR=3.408, P=0.001; ≥60: OR=3.149, P<0.05). The AUROC for differentiating glaucoma with the presence HM was 0.773 (95%CI: 0.0743, 0.802), which was greater than the performance of IOP with an AUROC of 0.717 (95%CI: 0.683, 0.750) (Figure 2).
Conclusions :
HM is a major risk factor for the occurrence of OAG in this large HM population, notably even among young participants. The performance of HM overpassed the performance of IOP in OAG screening, which suggested that initiating glaucoma screening by targeting individuals with HM may lead to more effective screening outcomes.
This abstract was presented at the 2024 ARVO Annual Meeting, held in Seattle, WA, May 5-9, 2024.