Abstract
Purpose :
To estimate metastasis free survival of patients with uveal melanoma on the basis of tumor thickness classified as small (0.0-3.0mm), medium (3.1-8.0mm) and large (>8.1mm).
Methods :
Retrospective study of 8034 cases over 35 years at a single ocular oncology referral centre evaluated for the primary endpoint of cumulative incidence of metastasis using non conditional and conditional outcomes at 3-years, 5-years, and 10-years. Cox proportional risk regression analysis was performed.
Results :
The mean thickness of small tumors was 2.5 mm, medium tumors 5.0 mm, and large tumors 10.2 mm. A comparison (small vs. medium vs. large melanoma) revealed small tumors more likely to be detected in younger patients ( p < 0.001) and females (p < 0.001). Large tumors were more likely to have Bruch’s membrane rupture and extraocular extension (p < 0.001). By comparison, 25-year non-conditional metastasis was (5% vs. 12% vs. 21%), and for those who survived five years without metastasis, the 25-year incidence of metastasis was (6% vs. 118% vs. 20%). For patients who maintained 3-year/5-year/10-year metastasis free survival, HR large vs medium were (2.22p <0.0001)/ 2.22 (p <0.0001)/ 2.52(p <0.0001), and HR medium vs small were (2.19p <0.0001)/ 2.24, p <0.0001/ 2.24, p <0.0001, respectively.
Conclusions :
A comparison of uveal Melanoma metastasis, classified on the basis of small, medium and large thickness, revealed small melanomas were more likely to be detected in younger individuals and females. Whereas, larger melanomas were more likely to present with risk-factors, had poorer prognosis and were more likely to develop metastasis over time.
This abstract was presented at the 2024 ARVO Annual Meeting, held in Seattle, WA, May 5-9, 2024.