Abstract
Purpose :
To examine the relationship between optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings correlate with visual prognosis for patients with endophthalmitis
Methods :
This is a single-center, retrospective, consecutive series of patients diagnosed with endophthalmitis at Massachusetts Eye and Ear between 2011 and 2021. Patients underwent spectral-domain OCT and the presence of retinal structures, vitritis, epiretinal membrane, subretinal and/or intraretinal fluid, inner and/or outer retina changes, and subretinal deposits was assessed. Central macular thickness and foveal thickness were also measured. Visual acuities and the source of endophthalmitis (endogenous versus post-procedure) were derived from patient medical records.
Results :
The absence of retinal structures on OCT at presentation, one, three, six, and twelve months and the presence of subretinal fluid on OCT at presentation, two, three, six, and twelve months were significantly associated with worse visual outcomes (P =<.001, .024, .013, .001, .003, .041, .041, .013, .030, .009, respectively). The mean central macular thickness and mean foveal thickness were lower in patients with good vision (338.43 ± 89.850 um and 230.38 ± 66.118 um) compared with patients with vision worse than 20/100 (427.25 ± 204.929 and 350.21 ± 186.065 um) at final follow-up, P = .023 and P < .001 respectively. Intraretinal fluid was observed more frequently in patients with exogenous endophthalmitis (P = .038), whereas vitritis was more prevalent in the endogenous endophthalmitis group (P = .004). The prevalence of vitritis and no view on OCT was highest at initial presentation and decreased over time. An epiretinal membrane was the most common OCT finding at the one-, two-, three-, and six-month OCT, with the frequency of epiretinal membranes increasing over time and peaking at 6 months.
Conclusions :
Endophthalmitis leads to varying pathology on Optical Coherence Tomography. Certain findings, such as absence of view, subretinal fluid, and increased central macula thickness may portend a worse visual outcome.
This abstract was presented at the 2024 ARVO Annual Meeting, held in Seattle, WA, May 5-9, 2024.