Abstract
Purpose :
To evaluate the incidence of clinically significant intraocular inflammation (csIOI) after treatment with intravitreal injection (IVI) of brolucizumab and identify the risk factors for csIOI.
Methods :
This nationwide population-based cohort study included 60,966 patients diagnosed with nAMD from January 2016 to August 2022, and they were categorized into four groups: groups 1 (Ranibizumab), 2 (Aflibercept), 3 (Brolucizumab), and 4 (switched to brolucizumab). Cumulative incidence of csIOI from the index date to day 180 after treatment with brolucizumab IVI and its risk factors was assessed.
Results :
The cumulative incidence of csIOI within 180 days of the index date in groups 1, 2, 3, and 4 was 0.36% (67/18,537), 0.49% (186/37,951), 3.47% (38/1,095), and 3.69% (125/3,383), respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed a significant increase in the risk of developing csIOI in groups 3 (HR 11.08, 95% CI 7.42–16.53, P < 0.001) and 4 (HR 10.40, 95% CI 7.67–14.09, P < 0.001). History of retinal vein occlusion (HR 1.56, 95% CI 1.01–2.40, P = 0.043) significantly increased the risk of developing csIOI after treatment with brolucizumab IVI; in contrast, female sex (HR 0.78, 95% CI 0.64–0.96, p = 0.020) and diabetes (HR 0.72, 95% CI 0.58–0.90, p = 0.004) decreased the risk. Age and history of noninfectious uveitis did not show any statistically significant association with the incidence of csIOI.
Conclusions :
The incidence of csIOI was higher after treatment with brolucizumab IVI than after treatment with ranibizumab and aflibercept IVI. History of retinal vein occlusion, female sex, and diabetes are factors associated with csIOI after treatment with brolucizumab IVI.
This abstract was presented at the 2024 ARVO Annual Meeting, held in Seattle, WA, May 5-9, 2024.