Abstract
Purpose :
Defocus Incorporated Multiple Segments (DIMS) spectacle lenses have proven efficacy in inhibiting myopia progression with several published studies in different populations. There is a dearth of literature on the effectiveness of DIMS lenses from the Indian subcontinent. We conducted a prospective study to evaluate myopia progression during a 6-month period before and a 1-year period after the utilization of DIMS lenses.
Methods :
In this 18-month study, 50 children (100 eyes), aged 7 to 17 years, with cycloplegic refraction between -1.00 D to -9.00 D and astigmatism ≤-1.50D, progressive myopia of ≥-0.5D in the preceding 6 months, and no history of previous myopia control strategies, were included. At diagnosis, all children were prescribed single-vision spectacles and monitored for 6 months for documented myopic progression. DIMS lenses were prescribed to 25 children (self-selected) at this visit (V1), and the children were monitored at 6 months (V2) and 12 months (V3). A self-selected, age-matched control group of 25 children was also monitored with single vision glasses for the same period. Refractive error (cycloplegic autorefraction) using NIDEK ARK -510A and axial length (AL) using NIDEK AL scan were measured at each visit.
Results :
The mean age was 10.8 ± 4 years. The mean baseline spherical equivalent refraction (SER) was -4.2D ± 1.9D, mean AL was 24.9 ± 0.9 mm. The mean SER progression from baseline to V1 visit was -0.8 ± 0.4D, V1 to V2 was -0.16 ±0.2D and V1 to V3 was -0.24D ±0.2D. The mean AL change from baseline to V1 visit was 0.33 ± 0.1 mm, from V1 to V2 was 0.07±0.1 mm and V1 to V3 was 0.13± 0.1mm. At 6 months, 50% of eyes had no SER progression, and 94.4% of eyes showed progression of < -0.50D. At 12 months, 32% of eyes had no SER progression and 94% of eyes showed progression of <-0.50D. At 12 months, 42% of eyes had axial length change < 0.1 mm. The difference in SER for the controls over 1 year was -0.7 ± 0.5D with mean axial length elongation of 0.3±0.1 mm. The DIMS group had significantly less SER progression and AL elongation (p<0.001) than the control group.
Conclusions :
DIMS spectacle lenses are effective in slowing myopia progression in an Indian population with documented progressive myopia. Our study showed better control at 6 months compared to 12 months. Future long-term studies are required to study the effects of DIMS on Indian children.
This abstract was presented at the 2024 ARVO Annual Meeting, held in Seattle, WA, May 5-9, 2024.