Can changes in refraction and axial length in the first 6-months of MiYOSMART wear predict future progression in UK children?

Abstract

Purpose : MiYOSMART spectacles lenses are well tolerated and retard myopia in Chinese children compared to single-vision spectacle lenses. Data presented are from a 3-year observational trial of MiYOSMART wear among UK children. We explore whether short-term changes in refractive error and axial length are predictive over a longer-term.

Methods : Recruits aged 5-15 years (cycloplegic spherical equivalent refraction [SER] -0.50 to -8.50D) were prescribed MiYOSMART spectacle lenses full-time. SER (cycloplegic autorefraction) and axial length (AL) were measured at baseline and after 6- and 18-months. Changes in AL and SER over the first 6-months were compared with respective changes occurring over the subsequent 1-year using partial correlation, controlling for age, SER and AL at baseline.

Results : Participants were 101 children (54% female), mean±SD age 10.1 ±2.2 years (66% White, 17% Indian Asian, 7% Chinese, 5% Other Asian, 5% Other). Mean changes in SER and AL within the first 6-months and subsequent 12-months were -0.23±0.27D, -0.24±0.39D, 0.08±0.12mm and 0.15±0.14mm respectively. There was a statistically significant positive partial correlation between change in AL over the 1^st 6-months and the change in AL for the subsequent 12-month period (r²=0.25, p=0.012). This correlation was not present for change in SER (r²=-0.14, p=0.18).

Conclusions : Change in AL within the first 6-months of MiYOSMART wear was significantly predictive of future axial elongation; faster progression in AL within the first 6-months is likely to result in fast progression in the subsequent 12-months with MiYOSMART wear. In this cohort, progression in SER in the first 6-months was a poorer predictor of future myopia progression. These findings support the use of short-term changes in AL as a predictor of future treatment efficacy in MiYOSMART wearers.

This abstract was presented at the 2024 ARVO Annual Meeting, held in Seattle, WA, May 5-9, 2024.