Abstract
Purpose :
Patients with thyroid eye disease (TED) taking teprotumumab have reported audiologic symptoms as a side effect; however, limited real world data and large sample sizes have been utilized to evaluate this relationship.
Methods :
A retrospective cohort study was created using a federated health research network to identify patients with TED utilizing ICD-10, CPT, and Healthcare Common Procedure coding systems. TED patients with and without teprotumumab treatment were analyzed with greedy one-to-one propensity matching. Appearance of one or more new ICD-10 codes corresponding to selected audiologic symptoms (tinnitus, sensorineural hearing loss, hypoacusis, hyperacusis, autophony, Eustachian tube dysfunction) served as the outcomes of interest. Patients with a history of hearing impairment were also evaluated for worsening hearing loss after initiation of teprotumumab.
Results :
Within the entire TriNetX cohort, 88 out of 441 patients with at least code for TED treated with teprotumumab had a new diagnosis of an audiologic within TriNetX. After matching, the relative risk for TED patients who were exposed to teprotumumab for new audiologic symptoms was increased with a risk ratio (RR) of 2.852 [1.935, 4.201] compared to TED patients. Of 51 patients with history of hearing impairment and TED, 14 had record of new audiologic testing after teprotumumab administration, which was not increased (RR = 1.899 [0.955, 3.777]) compared to TED patients.
Conclusions :
This study affirms previous research that TED patients receiving teprotumumab are at an increased risk of new audiologic side effects compared to TED patients not using teprotumumab.
This abstract was presented at the 2024 ARVO Annual Meeting, held in Seattle, WA, May 5-9, 2024.