Abstract
Purpose :
This study elucidated the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of ocular adnexal tumors in a Midwestern U.S. county population over a 10-year period.
Methods :
Population-based retrospective cohort study of all patients residing in Olmsted County, Minnesota with an incident diagnosis of any ocular adnexal neoplasm from 2006 to 2015. The medical records were reviewed for patient demographics, tumor type, clinical characteristics, and histopathology using the Rochester Epidemiology Project medical record linkage system, a population-based database which captures the medical records of nearly all residents of Olmsted County, Minnesota. Incidence rates were calculated per 100,000 person-years.
Results :
There were 764 ocular adnexal neoplasms in 717 patients during the 10-year study period, yielding an age- and sex-adjusted incidence rate of 59.7 per 100,000 (95% confidence interval: 55.4 to 64.0) per year. The mean age at diagnosis was 59.5 years (range: 0 to 97 years), 382 (53.3%) were female, and 658 (91.8%) were White. Histopathology was available in 441 (61.7%) cases. Eyelid lesions were diagnosed in 708 (98.7%) patients while 9 (1.3%) had orbital neoplasms. Most eyelid lesions were benign (N=512, 67.8%) with epidermal inclusion cysts (N=275, 36.0%), hidrocystoma (N=70, 9.2%), and eyelid sebaceous cysts (N=46, 6.1%) accounting for the majority. Malignant eyelid lesions (N=243, 31.8%) were relatively common with basal cell carcinoma (N=184, 24.1%) and squamous cell carcinoma (N=49, 6.4%) having the highest frequencies. Eyelid melanoma (N=6, <1.0%), sebaceous carcinoma (N=2, <1.0%), and eccrine carcinoma (N=1, <1.0%) were rare. Of the 9 orbit tumors, 7 (77.8%) were malignant. The most common orbital malignancies were lacrimal gland adenoid cystic carcinoma and orbital metastasis, with 2 (22.2%) patients each. There were no cases of ocular adnexal muscle neoplasms.
Conclusions :
Approximately 1 in 1,675 patients in Olmsted County, Minnesota were diagnosed with an ocular adnexal tumor over the 10-year study period and most were benign. Understanding the epidemiology of ocular adnexal tumors is important to aid providers in diagnosing and facilitating appropriate referrals for potentially vision- and life-threatening malignancies.
This abstract was presented at the 2024 ARVO Annual Meeting, held in Seattle, WA, May 5-9, 2024.