Abstract
Purpose :
Lattice degeneration is a common peripheral retinal degenerative abnormality that is clinically significant as it increases the risk for retinal breaks and rhegmatogenous retinal detachment(RD). We utilize far peripheral swept-source optical coherence tomography(SS-OCT) imaging to evaluate the morphologic characteristics of lattice degeneration.
Methods :
In this retrospective, observational case study, we included eyes with lattice degeneration with OCT imaging. All images were obtained using the Optos Silverstone SS-OCT(Optos PLC; Dunfermline, UK). An ultra-widefield(UWF; 200°) pseudocolor image was obtained to identify the lattice degenerative lesion(s) and a 6x6mm OCT volume was obtained over the lesion(s). For this analysis, only a single lesion (in case multiple lesions were present in the eye) was included. For eyes with more than one lesion, the most clearly visible lesion with the highest quality OCT images was selected. The OCT B-scans of the lesion were evaluated for the presence of several features including: vitreoretinal adhesion at the border, retinal thickness (within the lattice lesion relative to the adjacent retina), choroidal thickness (below lattice lesion), intraretinal hyperreflective foci(IHRF), retinal cystoid spaces, retinal (atrophic) hole, subretinal fluid, retinal schisis, and increased retinal reflectivity.
Results :
A total of 53 eyes(39 patients) were included in this study. 53 eyes (100 %) showed evidence of retinal thinning within the lattice lesion. 51 eyes(96.2%) demonstrated vitreoretinal adhesion at the border of the lesion. 43 eyes(81.1%) showed choroidal thinning(relative to the adjacent choroid) and 5 eyes(9.4%) showed a thicker choroid below the lattice lesions. Other findings include Intraretinal hyperreflective foci in 29 eyes(54.7%), an increase of retinal reflectivity in lattice lesions in 24 eyes(45.3%), intraretinal cystoid spaces in 13 eyes(24.5%), retinal holes in 9 eyes(17%), subretinal fluid in 6 eyes(11.3%) and retinal schisis in 2 eyes(3.8%).
Conclusions :
In this study using peripheral OCT, we demonstrated that lattice degeneration lesions can be associated with alterations of the retina, vitreous, and choroid. While retinal thinning and vitreoretinal adhesion were nearly universally present, choroidal thinning, hyperreflective foci, and increased retinal reflectivity were also frequently present. These findings may provide new insights into the pathogenesis of these lesions.
This abstract was presented at the 2024 ARVO Annual Meeting, held in Seattle, WA, May 5-9, 2024.